Superheater boiler



1933- D. s. JACOBUS ET AL SUPERHEATER BO ILER 1925 3 Sheets-Sheet 1Original Filed Nov.

1933- D. s. JACOBUS ET AL SUPERHEATER BOILER Original Filed Nov. 5, 19253 Sheets-Sheet 2 /1\ VENTOR a; A TTURNEVS Nov. 28, 1933. 1 5 JACOBUS ETAL 1,936,600

SUPERHEATER BOILER Original Filed Nov. 1925 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTORWoman 76%1J0M ,4 w

Patented Nov. 28, 1933 UNITED STATES PATENT oFFIcE SUPERHEATER BOILERDavid S. Jacobus, Montclair, N. .L, and William A. Jones, West NewBrighton, N. Y., assignors to The Babcock & Wilcox Company, Bayonne, N.J., a corporation of New Jersey Application November 5, 1925, Serial No.66,924 Renewed October 31; 1929 12 Claims.

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of an illustrative form of water tubeboiler; Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of a detail of Fig. 1;Fig. 3 is a section on the line 33 of Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is an" enlargementof a detail of Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is a more or less diagrammatic perspectiveView of the superheater illustrated in Figs. 1 and 3, and Figs. 6,7 and8 are views on sections 6'-6, 7-7 and 88, respectively, of Fig. 5, buton a smaller scale.

Like reference characters indicate like parts in the several views.

In the illustrative form of boiler, horizontally inclined water tubesare connected to uptake headers 10 and downtake headers 11, the watertubes in theparticular type of boiler illustrated being divided into anumber of banks, the lower bank 12 being separated from an intermediatebank 13 to provide a superheater chamber. It .will be understood thatthe headers referred to are connected in the usual manner to an uppersteam and water drum or drums and that instead of the separate headers,as shown, uptake and downtake water chambers or water legs may be used.The particular form of boiler which we have chosen for purposes ofillustration has no cross bafiies in at least its lower portion, thegases from the furnace chamber passing upwardly across the water tubes,the -superheater tubes (to be described hereinafter) and then theremaining water tubes, the position of the headers at each end of thetubes being arranged to give a contracting pass.

The specific form of boiler with which we .have illustrated ourinvention is no part of our present invention and. further descriptionthereof will be unnecessary to those skilled in the art.

In the space between the banks 12 and 13 of the water tubes, there is abank of superheater tubes 14 arranged, in the illustrative form, inhorizontally and vertically extending rows, these tubes 14 extending atright-angles to the boiler water tubes'and out through openings in theside walls 15, 16 of the boiler setting. The headers connecting the endsof the tubes 14 are located outside of the side setting walls, the tubesextending through plates 17 which are held in place by clips 18 so thatthe plates 17 can move vertically or, horizontally on the tubes,

if necessary, as the several parts of the super heater expand andcontract, the plates 17 serving to cover at all times the openings inthe setting walls through which the bank of superheater tubes extends.

It will be appreciated that the superheater. tubes-1 4 have a veryconsiderable length and are relatively small in diameter, so that theyshould be supported at various points midway of their. length. For thepurpose of such support, we

provide one or more Vertical metallic walls" through which the tubes '14extend, these walls engaging each of the tubes 14 and extending atright-angles to the tubes, and then support these walls on the watertubes of the bank below the superheater. In the illustrative embodiment,relatively thin plates 19 having recesses in their edges are turned intoplace between diagonal rows of the superheater tubes 14, so that eachtube 14 extends through one .of the recesses of a plate 19. Then,preferably, we provide a'sec- 0nd row of plates 19 substantially atrightangles to the plates 19 and face to face therewith, so that eachtube llis held by a pair of plates extendingin two directions atright-angles to each other. In order to hold the plates 19 and 19' moresecurely, we provide top bars 20 and bottom bars 21 to which each of theplates 19 and 19 is attached, the entire arrangement as shown in Fig. 2providing a relatively rigid construction, holding the several tubes 14relatively to each other and also adapted to support the Weight of thetubes 14, and, at the same time, one which can be readily placed inposition after the. superheater tubes are in place. f In theillustrative embodiment, we have pro-1' vided a plurality of metallicwalls extendingpar tially down through the bank 12 of the water tubes totransmit the weight of the superheater to the water tubes and todistribute such weight over a considerable number of the water tubes.

Each of these water tube walls '(3 in number being shown in Fig. 1) ismade up of a plurality of plates 22 set edge toedge and having recessesin these edges, through one of whichv extends one of the tubes 12, asecond set of plates 22' extending more or less at right-angles to theplates 22 and being similarly arrangedso that each of the tubes 12 isheld betweenfa pair of plates in two substantially diametricallyopposite direc tions. The plates 22, in the form illustrated, do notextend entirely through the bank 12, but, of course, may do so if it isdesired totransmit the weight of the superheater to a greater number ofthe water tubes. "The tops of the plates 22, 22' are fastened to topbars 23 to connect the several plates to provide a relatively rigidconstruction.

On the top of each of the walls made up of the plates 22, 22 is a pierfooting plate 24 having an upturned ledge 25, thisplate being heldagainst motion down the tubes 12 by clips 26 of a wellknown formattached to one or more of the upper rows of water tubes 12.

On each of the footing plates 24 is built up a pier 27 of refractorybricks or tile to span the space between the tops of the water tubewalls and the superheater tube walls, the ledge 25 holding the pieragainst longitudinal motion. Preferably the top of each of the piers 27is provided with a covering plate 28 which is provided with a projectingledge 29 to keep it from sliding horizontally.

The lower portions of the superheater tube walls made up of the plates19, 19 rest on the plates 28 of thepiers 27, these piers preferablybeing made long as compared with the thickness of the superheater wallsbut short as compared with the width between the side walls of theboiler setting. It is obvious that the weight of the superheater will betransmitted through the superheater walls to the piers and from there tothe water tube walls and the water tubes. At

the same time, the superheater tubes '14 are free 36" to movelongitudinally as they expand and contract with the varying operationsof the boiler.

In the form illustrated, the superheater is arranged so that the steammakes a plurality of passes back and forth through the superheaterchamber, and to this end, the tubes 14 are divided into a plurality ofgroups or sections side by side, the tubes, in the illustrativearrangement, being divided into three sections 14 14 and 14.

. ...At each side of'the setting and outside of the- 40' walls thereofare provided superheater headers connected to the ends of the tubes 14and, in the illustrative embodiment, the inlet header 30 is somewhatabove the bank of tubes 14, the ends of the tubes 14 being bent upwardlyto enter the header 30. At the opposite side of the boiler and outsideof the setting wall 16 and somewhat below the bank of tubes 14, is aheader 31 which is double length as compared with the header 30;

.7 that is to say; in header 31there is provision for double the numberof tubes provided for in header 30. The ends of the tubes 14 and 14 arebent downwardly to enter the header 31.

On the same side of the setting as the header -30 but at a lower levelis a header 32 which is also a double-length header, the ends of thetubes 14 and 14 being bent downwardly to enter this header.

On the same side of the setting as theheader 31 but at a higher level isthe outlet header 33 i which is a single-length header and receives theends of the'tubes 14 which are bent upwardly for that purpose. iheexpressions single length header and double length header are'usedwithreference to the connected 5' superheater tube bank section orsections. The single length header' nay be also termed a single sectionheader because of the fact that only the tubes of a single section ofthe superheater tube bankare connectedthereto. Likewise the doublelength header may be also termed a double section header because thetubes of two sections of the supe'rheater tube bank. are connectedthereto.

. By the arrangement just described and as best illustrated in Figs. 5to 8, inclusive, the entire bank of tubes 14 is divided so that thestream entering at the header 30 passes through the tubes 14 then thetubes 14 then the tubes 14 to the outlet header 33, and yet the headersare so arranged that the several sets of tubes can expand and contractrelatively without aifecting the superheater construction and, at thesame time, the several headers can be made of any desired length beyondthe superheater tube holes (Fig. 5 being diagrammatic in this respect)to provide the necessary area for rounding the ends of the headers orthe like or the provision of end handholes, the fact that the headers 30and 32 and 31 and 33 are at different levels enabling each of them to beextended indefinitely beyond its tubes holes without interference withits neighboring header. It will also be understood that the end of eachof the tubes 14 is bent so that as the tube expands, this bend willprevent undue stress on the tube hole in the header.

It will be understood that the tubes 14 may be dividedinto as manysections as desired and if only two passesare required the header 32would be made the outlet header.

It will also be understood that the details of the supportingarrangement which we have illustrated may be widely varied and that suchsupporting arrangement may be applied to superheaters in many differenttypes of boilers.

It will also be understood'that, if desired, some of the weight of theheaders may be carried on the boiler setting through spring supports andsimilarly, the piping connected to the headers may be spring supported.

We claim:

In a water tube boiler having horizontally inclined water tubes andsetting therefor, a superheater having a bank of tubes extending acrossthe water tubes, and'headers outside the boiler setting and extending inthe same general direction as the water tubes and connected to the endsof the superheater tubes, the bank of superheater tubes being dividedinto at least three seci'ions, sideby side, with a double length headerat each side of the setting, each con- 120 nected to ends of the tubesof two of said sections and with a single length header at each side ofthe setting, each connected to the ends of the tubes of one of saidsections, the headers on the same side of the setting being at different125 vertical heights and the'ends of the tubes of the respectivesections being bent to enter the headers to which they are connected.

2. In a water tube boiler having horizontally inclined water tubes and asetting therefor, a superheater having a bank of tubes extending acrossthe water tubes and above a bank of the water tubes, a metallicsuperheater wall extending through and across the bank of superheatertubesabove the water'tubes and extending in the 135 same generaldirection as the water tubes, each of the superheater tubes extendingthrough and being engaged by said wall, a plurality of metallic watertube walls spaced along the water tubes of said bank and extending atleast partially'across said bank and supported thereon, a pier on eachwater tube wall extending longitudinally'ithere of and extending upwardto said superheater wall to transmit the'weight thereof and'of thesuperheater tubes to said water tube walls and the bank of water tubes,each of said piers being of refractory material and wider than'the watertube wallon which it rests and havinga" metallic footing plate restingon the top of the water tube wall with an upwardly projectingledge onthe 15 side toward the low ends of the inclined water tubes, and clipson the water tubes to hold the footing plates against motion toward thelow ends of the water tubes.

3. In a water tube steam boiler, a bank of inclined water tubes having asuperheater disposed thereabove, a pier formed of tile and resting onthe top row of tubes in the bank and adapted to support saidsuperheater, a metallic plate disposed at the bottom of said pier andcontacting with said tubes in the top row, means holding said plate inposition beneath said pier, and means on the plate engaging the pier toprevent sliding thereof.

l. In a Water tube steam boiler, a bank of inclined water tubes having asuperheater disposed thereabove, a pier formed of tile and resting onthe top row of tubes in the bank and adapted to support saidsuperheater, a metallic plate disposed at the botoin of said pier andcontacting with said tubes in the top row, means holding said plateposition beneath said pier, and a wall extending across said bank ofwater tubes and adapted to support said plate and pier.

5. In a water tube steam boiler, a bank of inclined water tubes having asuperheater disposed thereabove, a pier formed of tile and resting onthe top row of tubes in the bank and adapted to support saidsuperheater, a metallic plate disposed at the bottom of said pier andcontacting with said tubes in the top row, means on plate engaging thepier to prevent sliding thereof, and means secured on said tubes in thetop row and adapted to engage said plate to hold the plate and pier inposition.

6. In a water tube boiler having inclined water tubes and settingtherefor, a superheater having a bank of tubes extending across thewater tubes, and headers outside the boiler setting and extending in thesame general direction as the water tubes and connected to the ends ofthe superheater tubes, the of superheater tubes being divided into aplurality of sections arranged side by side, with a long header at eachside of the setting each connected to ends of the tubes of two of saidsections and with a shorter header at each side of the setting eachconnected to the ends of the tubes of one of said sections, the headerson the same side of the setting being at different vertical heights andthe ends of the tubes of the respective sections being bent toenter theheaders to which they are connected.

7. In fluid heat exchange apparatus, opposite walls forming a gas passfor heating gases, a

bank of tubes extending across the gas pass and divided into sectionsconducting a fluid across the gas pass in a series fiow with the flowsin adjacent sections being opposite to each other, and overlappin longand short headers at opposite walls of the gas pass, the long headershaving the tubes of two of said sections connected thereto while theshort headers having 1e tubes of a single section connected thereto.

8. In fluid heat exchange apparatus, opposite walls forming a gas passfor heating gases, at bank of tubes extending across the gas pass andthrough the walls and divided into sections conducting a fluid acrossthe gas pass in a series flow with the flows in adjacent sections beingopposite to each other, and overlapping long and short headers atopposite walls of the gas pass, the long headers having the ends of thetubes of two of said sections bent and connected thereto while each ofthe short headers has the ends of the tubes of a single sectionconnected thereto and bent oppositely to the ends of the tubes of anadjoining long header.

9. In fluid heat exchange apparatus, opposite walls forming a gas passfor heating gases, at bank of tubes extending across the gas pass anddivided into sections conducting a fluid across the gas pass in a seriesflow with the flows in adjacent sections being opposite to each other,and overlapping long and short headers located at different elevationsat opposite walls of the gas pass, a long header on one side of the gaspass having the tubes of two of said sections connected thereto while anadjacent and overlapping short header has the tubes of a single sectionconnected thereto.

10. In fluid heat exchange apparatus, opposite walls forming a gas passfor heating gases, a bank of tubes extending across the gas pass and divided into sections conducting a fluid across the gas pass in a seriesflow with the flows in adjacent sections being opposite to each other,and separate single section and double section headers at opposite wallsof the gas pass, the double section headers having the ends of the tubesof two of said sections connected thereto while the single sectionheaders each has the ends of the tubes of only a single sectionconnected thereto.

11. In a water tube boiler and its furnace, a heat transfer devicehaving tubes extending across the boiler tubes, said tubes being dividedvertically into two banks across which the gases from said furnace flow,a header on each side of the boiler being at a higher elevation than thetop of the bank of tubes and a header on each side of the boiler beinglower than the bottom of the bank of tubes, each bank having the ends ofits tubes bent respectively up and down to enter their respectiveheaders.

12. In a water tube boiler and its furnace, a heat transfer devicehaving tubes extending across the boiler tubes, said tubes being dividedvertically into two banks across which the gases from said furnace flow,a header on each side of the boiler being at a higher elevation than thetop of the bank of tubes and a header on each side of the boiler beinglower than the bottom of the bank of tubes, each bank having the ends ofits tubes bent respectively up and down to enter their respectiveheaders and the ends of the two banks at the same side of the boilerbeing bent in opposite directions.

DAVID S. JACOBUS. WILLIAM A. JONES.

